名詞句の可算性と不可算性の区別 : 言語比較の観点から
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
It is widely assumed that nouns in Chinese/Japanese-type languages are mass nouns because they lack plural morphemes and indefinite articles (Chierchia 1998). In this paper, I disagree with this view and claim that Japanese also makes a distinction between count and mass by showing that the distinction manifests in numeral-noun combinations ("heitai hyaku": 100 soldiers vs. "*sekiyu hyaku": *100 oils) and quantificational expressions, e.g. "tasuu" ("tasuu-no kuruma": many cars vs. "*tasuu-no tetsu": "many iron).Many philosophers and linguists have discussed the question of whether the count/mass distinction is derived semantically or syntactically, i.e. whether it is determined by the ontology (individual/object → count; stuff → mass) or by language specific forms (count → individual/object; mass → stuff). If it were true that Japanese has only mass nouns then it would be just a mysterious coincidence that there are languages with mass nouns only but there is no language that has only count nouns. This fact suggests that there must be common features between languages with a count/mass distinction and ones without such a distinction. Specifically, some sort of "mass" nouns in the second type language indicate the properties of "count" nouns, i.e. the ones of object mass nouns like "furniture" or "footwear" which contain their minimal parts although they are classified as mass nouns.Obviously, Japanese nouns do not have a singular/plural distinction. Therefore this language cannot have genuine count nouns. Japanese nouns start from kinds of objects which semantically correspond to entities, and are freely type-shifted to predicate types. e.g. substance mass nouns like "mizu (water)" or object mass nouns like "inu" (dog(s)) which behave as object mass nouns in English. I argue that this distinction is a reflection of the general cognitive property that distinguishes individual items which have their minimal part as a counting basis for nominal reference from non-individual mass items which lack a minimal part.
- 2007-10-01
著者
関連論文
- 語学授業のためのモバイル・サーバの開発
- 個々人に応じた学習支援を導入した唐詩学習について
- ライティング支援用ドイツ語オンライン辞書の開発
- 名詞句の可算性と不可算性の区別 : 言語比較の観点から
- II. コンピュータ支援ドイツ語学習(CALL)の現状と展望
- 日本語の助数詞と数範疇の考察
- VT法による日本語の単一語アクセントの指導法の考察
- 中国語母語話者を対象とした日本語の複合語アクセントの指導法 : VT法の指導効果をめぐって
- 総称文における日本語名詞句の種指示について
- Terraを使ったオンラインドイツ語学習プログラムの構築
- A Contrastive study of 'N+NC' and 'NC+N' in Chinese
- WEBに基づく唐詩学習CALLシステムの設計と具体化
- KLASSIFIKATOREN IM JAPANISCHEN UND IM DEUTSCHEN : EINE KONTRASTIVE ANALYSE(Linguisten-Seminar mit IDS)
- 唐詩学習CALLシステムの研究と構築について
- 冠詞の意味論 (特集 冠詞の言語学--その機能、意味、起源)
- ニューテクノロジーと(ドイツの)外国文化事情教育
- ホームページを利用したドイツ語教育の実践
- 海外言語学の最新動向(3)ドイツ「ドイツ語生成文法研究の新潮流」
- Research on Foreign Language Teaching in North America : The University of California at Los Angeles and the University of Hawaii at Manoa.
- これからのCALLの問題点と展望
- ドイツ語の虚辞esの統語論
- 再帰形の束縛条件について
- 動詞第2位文の派生について
- Xバ-理論と語順--英語,ドイツ語,日本語の基本語順の比較