The effect of fertilizer and manure application on CH_4 and N_2O emissions from managed grasslands in Japan(Mitigation of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural lands)

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The objectives of this study were to clarify the effect of chemical fertilizer and manure application on methane (CH_4) and nitrous oxide (N_2O) emissions from intensively managed grassland on Andosols in Japan and to determine the controlling factors of the CH_4 and N_2O emissions. The emission factors (EF) for both fertilizerand manure-induced N_2O emissions were calculated. Three experimental plots were set up in five grasslands across four climatic regions in Japan: one plot for treatment with chemical fertilizer (fertilizer plot); another plot for treatment with cattle manure and chemical fertilizer (manure plot), and the final plot was not treated with chemical fertilizer or manure (control plot). The type of chemical fertilizer was ammonium-based fertilizer or a combination fertilizer of ammonium and urea. CH_4 and N_2O emissions were measured at the study sites for six years. For the manure plot, a supplement of chemical fertilizer was added to equalize the supply rate of mineral nitrogen (N) relative to that of the fertilizer plots. There were no significant differences in CH_4 emissions among the treatment plots, and the effect of fertilizer or manure application was notevident. CH_4 emissions tended to be larger at sites with higher soil moisture content. The application of chemical fertilizer or manure increased N_2O emissions at all the sites, and there were significant differences among the sites and across different years. Background N_2O emissions (N_2O emissions at the control plot) had strong positive correlations with air temperature and precipitation, along with weak positive correlations with soil carbon and N content. Therefore, an empirical model (Background N_2O emission = 0.298 × air temperature + 0.512 × soil N content -3.77) was established. Fertilizer-induced N_2O emission factor (EF) had a positive correlation (R^2 = 0.50, p<0.01) with precipitation (Fertilizer-induced EF = 0.0022×precipitation -1.3), and increasing precipitation enhanced N_2O production through the denitrification process due to applied fertilizer N. There were no significant differences in manure-induced EFs among the sites, and the average was 0.36% except for an outlier.
一般社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文

The effect of fertilizer and manure application on CH_4 and N_2O emissions from managed grasslands in Japan(Mitigation of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural lands)

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