Three years of nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions from silandic andosols cultivated with maize in Hokkaido, Japan(Environment)
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概要
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We measured nitrous oxide (N_2O) and nitric oxide (NO) emissions during the snow-free season (April-November) over a 3-year period (1998-2000) from a Silandic Andosols cultivated with maize (Zea mays L.) in central Hokkaido, Japan. In May, before furrowing, composted cattle manure was broadcast onto the field at a rate of 3.0gNm^<-2>. After furrowing, chemical fertilizer (NH_4)_2SO_4-N+(NH_4)_3PO_4-N : urea-N at a ratio of 10:3 was applied to the row at a rate of 13gNm^<-2>. An impermeable layer lay 1.3m below ground level. As a result, after heavy rains and during the snow-melting period, the groundwater table rose to near the ground surface. The N_2O and NO emission rates ranged from 0.0 to 6.4 and from 0.00 to 0.94mgNm^<-2>h^<-1>, respectively. The highest N_2O emission was observed after heavy rain in summer and autumn. The magnitude and seasonal pattern of N_2O emissions from the inter row were similar to those from the row itself, although chemical fertilizer had not been applied to the inter row. In contrast, an increase in NO emissions was observed only from the row. Seasonal fluctuations in soil NH^+_4 and NO^-_3 concentrations and the emission ratio N_2O-N/NO-N suggested that N_2O and NO emitted after fertilizer application (May to early July) were produced mainly by nitrification, whereas N_2O emitted after heavy rains (after mid-July) was produced mainly by denitrification. Total N_2O and NO emissions during the snow-free season ranged from 0.7 to 2.8 and from 0.0 to 0.7gNm^<-2>, respectively, over a 3-year period. The N_2O and NO emissions from our field were relatively high compared with those reported worldwide. In contrast, reported N_2O emission rates from agricultural Andosols in Japan are typically lower than those from other agricultural soils in Japan and around the world. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that high N_2O emissions may occur from Japanese agricultural Andosols that are poorly drained.
著者
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Hatano Ryusuke
Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
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KUSA Kanako
National Agricultural Research Center
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Sawamoto Takuji
Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
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Kusa Kanako
Laboratory Of Soil Science Graduate School Of Agriculture Hokkaido University:(present Office)nation
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Sawamoto Takuji
Laboratory Of Soil Science Graduate School Of Agriculture Hokkaido University:(present Office)facult
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Sawamoto Takuji
Rakuno Gakuen Univ. Hokkaido Jpn
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KUSA Kanako
Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
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HU Ronggui
Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
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Hu Ronggui
Graduate School Of Agriculture Hokkaido University
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Hatano Ryusuke
Graduate School Of Agriculture Hokkaido Univ.
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