リンゴとセイヨウナシにおける強風落果の発生機構および果梗付近の物理的補強処理によるその防止対策

概要

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Wind fruit drops in apples and pears occur owing to breakage of the fruit stalk bases where the inertial forces of the fruits increase by branch movements. In the each cultivar examined, the fruit detachment resistance force perpendicular to the fruit stalk shaft was remarkably smaller than that parallel. Two physical treatments were conducted at about 50 days before each harvest time; jamming a fruit stalk, the shoot and the spur between two convex-adhesive tapes ("+" tape), and wrapping a fruit stalk, the shoot and a part of the spur in a patch of punch carpet and stapling them (punch carpet). In the fruit vibration experiments, the reducing effect of bending angle near the fruit stalk was confirmed in the both treatment of "+" tape and punch carpet. The artificial fruit drop tests using shocks showed significant effects in reducing of detachment rates at fruit stalk base in the both treatments in one variety of apples or pears.
2012-02-15