数種落葉果樹の葉面傾斜角度分布に関する研究

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When a leaf was considered to be a flat plate, distributions of leaf inclination angle in the fruit tree canopies were approximated to a beta distribution. Many varieties of apple and pear, and a part of Japanese pear belonged to strongly horizontal type. A part of peach and cherry belonged to vertical type, and other varieties belonged to weak horizontal, intermediate and iso-angular types. There was no strong erect type. By monthly investigation of the distribution at an almost same portion in a tree crown, seasonal variation was not so distinguished. Methods for measurement of distribution of surface inclination angle on non-flat leaf were devised using the wire-frame diagrams, which were obtained by a stereo-photogrammetry. Rotation of the wire-frame diagram was effective using rotation angles which were obtained by simple measuring of inclination angle of both mid-rib line of each leaf and a perpendicular line to the mid-rib. In the many fruit varieties, the curvature increased in May and surmmertime (July and August), and decreased in June and September. In apple (especially, central leader) and persimmon, the horizontal type was found at the upper canopy layers, and the weak horizontal type and the intermediate one were found at the mid-layers and the lowers. In peach, change of the distribution by the height was little. Horizontal type became strong in the upper part of pear and Japanese pear with trellis training, where summer pruning was lacking. From these results, inclination angles of current shoots seemed to be a main factor for intra-crown fluctuation of leaf inclination angle. Key words:　distribution of leaf inclination angle, shoot angle, extinction coefficient of direct bearn, non-flat leaves, deciduous fruit trees
2009-02-16

数種落葉果樹の葉面傾斜角度分布に関する研究

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