非炭化転換技術による次世代コークス代替燃料「バイオコークス」の製造技術開発(<特集>リグノセルロース系バイオマスの次世代技術開発の動向II)

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Bio-cokes, developed by Kinki University (domestic patent No. 4089933), can utilize o used biomass and be used as a coal-coke substitute in large-scale industrial processes such as foundry cupola furnaces. Bio-coke is expected to serve as a technology corresponding to (1) reduction in the amount of the CO_2 generation for the global warming prevention; and (2) rise of the price of coal coke. In preliminary tests conducted at Kinki University, it was confirmed that Bio-coke could be manufactured from various raw materials such as used tea leaves, wood waste, etc. This paper reports our current effort to optimize manufacturing conditions of a mass-production facility of Bio-coke. This study confirms the pressured solidification characteristics of biomass (using tea scum as the raw material) with varied parameters such as heat process temperature, smashed size, pressure, and initial moisture. Thermal analysis of the material explains why the manufacturing process does not change material weight when setting the heat process temperature at 453K. The optimum pressure for effectively obtaining a high specific gravity is constantly around 20MPa in spite of different smashed material sizes. There is the optimum initial water content to achieve the highest specific gravity, which is very close to the value based on the true-density, 1.4. Especially, Kinki University (Osaka, Japan) have completed their first industrial scale Bio-coke experiments in conjunction with Toyota Industries Corporation in July, 2008. Bio-coke was used for the first time in Toyota' s actual production processes. Car engines were produced and part of the coal fuel used in the smelting process was replaced with Bio-coke. The experiments were undertaken to prove that Bio-coke could be used as a replacement for coal coke in Toyota' s smelting processes. As a result it was found that at the very minimum, 11.4% of coal coke could be successfully replaced with Bio-coke. The influence of Bio-coke over an extended time period was tested for the first time under industrial conditions. The four main finding of the experiments were as follows: 1. Coal coke consumption was reduced by 11.4%. 2. There were no negative impacts on production. 3. When coal is burnt, unburned carbon remains. With Bio-coke however, 100% of the material burnt is converted to energy with no carbon residue.
2011-01-20

非炭化転換技術による次世代コークス代替燃料「バイオコークス」の製造技術開発(<特集>リグノセルロース系バイオマスの次世代技術開発の動向II)

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