Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I（ RIG-I） and diseases

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Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I （RIG-I） is a cytoplasmic protein regarded as putative RNA helicase.Immunohistochemical studies revealed high levels of RIG-I expression in epidermic cells in psoriasis, in macrophagesin atherosclerotic lesions and in glomeruli of lupus nephritis. RIG-I expression was also demonstrated in macrophagesand vascular endothelial cells in experimental animals with Listeria or Hanta virus infection. In vitro studies using cellcultures revealed the expression of RIG-I, in various cells including endothelial cells, macrophages and astroglial cells, inresponse to the stimulation with cytokines, lipopolysaccharide, double-stranded RNA, Listeria monocytogenes, etc. Thestudies employing the overexpression or RNA interference suggested that RIG-I is involved in the regulation of cytokineexpression including CXCL10/IP-10 and CCL5/RANTES. These results suggest that RIG-I constitutes a part of theintracellular pathway for the regulation of infl ammatory and immune responses.
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