出来事の生起確率が認知的再解釈に及ぼす影響

概要

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The conditions under which people engage in anticipatory reconstrual of an event before it happened. versus postevent resonstrual after it happened were investigated. In the present study, participants were informed that there was a 6.8%, 50%, or 93.2% chance of doing better than others on a test of empathy. When people had extremely positive expectations (93.2%), they engaged in anticipatory reconstrual and appraised high validity of the test before learning the outcome. Their appraisals regarding the validity of the test did not change and remained constant even after learning that they actually did worse than the others. In contrast, when people had moderate expectations (50%), their appraisals of the test validity were not biased before learning the outcome, but biased consistent the test results (postevent reconstrual). These findings suggest that positive anticipatory reconstrual can heighten the pleasure of positive events, and postevent reconstrual can ameliorate pain in the case of negative events.
2007-03-31