砲丸投技術の主観的および客観的特性の関わりに関するコーチ学的研究

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The purpose of the present study was to examine characteristics of technique in shot-putting based on relationships between subjective and objective measures obtained during shot-putting. Three shot-putters and two decathletes from the track and field team at Juntendo University were asked to perform five shot-putting trials on specially designed force-platforms. During the trials, video pictures, vertical ground reaction force and EMG activities of six muscles on the right side limbs were measured. After each trial, the subjects and a coach answered questionaries developed for evaluating sensations of the skillfulness during shot-putting. The throwing motion of the shot-putting was divided into three phases of glide (G), power position (P) and lifting (L) for subsequent analysis. The results obtained in this study were as follows: 1) During P-L phase, peak forces of the right legs generated by two subjects were 300 and 400 kgw, respectively. However, peak forces of the left leg in both subjects were the same, 180 kgw. When the best putting performances were recorded, vertical ground reaction force, impulse and releasing speed tended to be highest. Vertical releasing speed had more effect on the performance of shot-putting than the horizontal did. 2) Mean total scores of the subjective evaluations for skillfulness assessed by subjects and a coach were found to be the same, with the higher mean scores in the better performances. However, there was significant difference between subjective evaluation scores for the skillfulness obtained in the best and worst trials. 3) The subjective evaluation scores for skillfulness in the trials assessed by subjects showed high rank correlation coefficients with their putting performance (r=0.997, p<.001), integrated EMGs of M. gastrocnemius (r=0.888, p<0.05), vastus latelaris (r=0.849) and flexor capri ulnaris (r=0.768), and total integrated EMG of six muscles (r=0.753). From these results, it was suggested that the subjective evaluation for skillfulness assessed by athletes might reflect that of their coaches, and also was suggested that controlling the muscle activities of M. triceps surae, quadriceps femoris and forearm flexors would play a role in learning the technique in shot-putting, since subject's sensations of skillfulness in shot-putting were highly correlated with EMG activities of M. gastrocnemius, vastus latelaris and flexor capri ulnaris.
順天堂大学の論文

砲丸投技術の主観的および客観的特性の関わりに関するコーチ学的研究

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