相模灘沿岸地域の海浜性クモ類

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Spider specimens of about 950 in all were obtained during faunal researches under the project "Study on Environmental Changes in the Sagami Sea and Adjacent Coastal Area with Time Serial Comparison of Fauna and Flora, 2001-2005," made by the National Science Museum of Japan. These spiders were collected from the coastal areas of the Sagami Sea within the range of 34°40'-35°20'N, 138°40'-139°50'E, including sandy beaches and rocky shores, by sweeping and beating seaside vegetation, and sifting woods, rubbish and fucaceous seaweeds washed up by the sea on the beach. Many spiders were also collected by hands from all possible physical and biological environments. One hundred and nineteen species of 24 families were recorded based on this material, with notes on the species of the marine spider genus Paratheuma belonging to Desidae. Paratheuma insulana is newly recorded from Iou-torishima Island, Gushikawa-son, Okinawa Pref., Kita-kojima, Senkaku Islands, Ishigaki-shi, Okinawa Pref., and Chichijima Island, Ogasawara Islands, Tokyo, Japan, although it is not yet found in the present study area. Because this species was previously known from Cuba, Haiti, the Bermudas and the Florida Keys and other congeners are distributed in the western Pacific (Beatty & Berry, 1988), the strangely ditjunctive distribution of the species shows that the Japanese populations may be artificially imported from western North America. The coastal spider fauna of the Sagami Sea is analyzed based on the present material. Of the recorded species, 85% are the same as those recorded from gardens in urban areas in the center of Tokyo such as the Imperial Palace in Chiyoda-ku and Akasaka Imperial Gardens, and 75% are the same as those recorded from the volcanic islands of the Izu Islands, Tokyo. The result suggests most of the seaside-dwelling spiders have the adaptabily to severe environment under high temperature, dryness, erosion by rough seas and strong wind, and unreliable food supply.
国立科学博物館の論文
2006-03-27

相模灘沿岸地域の海浜性クモ類

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