わが国戦前期の都市独立住宅における外部意匠の変容過程に関する一考察 : 「あめりか屋」の住宅作品の外部意匠を中心に

概要

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We analyzed the exterior design of 500 houses designed by Amerikaya housing company that contributed to a development of free-standing urban housing, appeared in the architectural magazines and female magazines in the time period from 1909 to 1943. Analysis points are: exterior wall (finish), roof (shape, material, incline) and window (shape, grille) of the entrance facade showed in the photographs and drawings in the magazines. Analyzing the exterior design allowed us to make the following conclusion. 1) In Meiji and Taisho era, there were three types of finish. In particular, 'wood siding on the first floor and plaster wall on the second floor' 'steep gabled roof' 'square grill in the window' were typical. 2) In early Showa era, particularly after 1932, 'Plaster finish' 'Gently inclined gabled and hipped roof with Spanish tile' were typical. This shift from the former (1909 to 1925) to the latter (1922 to 1940) matched with the styles from Bungalow to Spanish. Both styles were brought from the United States. This study clarified strong influence of American housing on the development of Western style modern urban detached houses in Japan.
社団法人日本建築学会の論文
2006-01-30