環境効率への応用(<特集>LCAとその展開)

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Recently, many people pay attention to improving the "Environmental efficiency" for sustainability. Environmental efficiency is defined as the ratio of the value of the service and function provided by a product, company, industry, etc. to the environmental loads which are calculated with using the LCA concept. Environmental efficiency is a positive approach, as it aims not only at the reduction of environmental burden but also the improvement of value of services. It is necessary to pay a special attention to how to set the system boundary and which variables to use as input data for denominator and numerator, because the meaning of the environmental efficiency heavily depends on them. In this paper, methods for system boundary setting were discussed in the environmental efficiency analysis. Also, present state of the environmental efficiency index was discussed from the view point of the setting method of the system boundary and the numerator and denominator of case studies. There is no single method to evaluate and compare the whole range of companies and industries. In fact, various values and indices have been used for the numerator (function of the product or the economic value, such as price, value added, etc), and denominator (a single index or inventory data, such as CO_2 emission). In this current situation, the numerator setting method will become an important factor in order to establish the environmental efficiency index. In the future, the development of the technique which quantifies the value of the product support is desired.
2003-08-20

環境効率への応用(<特集>LCAとその展開)

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