重力流の密度場の計測

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Density fluctuation due to the passage of a gravity current advancing in an open water channel was measured to study the structure of the head and the mixing across the density interface quantitatively. Some open-type conductivity probes with different shape and size were developed and tested for resolution, accuracy, and response. A small probe with its censor 3mm long showed enough quick response and high accuracy to measure the density fluctuation in a lock-exchange flow by mounting it on the bottom of the rectangular channel. Flow visualization with dye was conducted by the shadowgraph method in the same time to know the relative position of the probe to the advancing gravity current. For comparison of these experimental results the computation was also performed by solving the Navier-Stokes equation for an inhomogeneous fluid, the continuity equation, and the transport equation for solute by the finite volume method. The results indicate that the head of the gravity current has maintained a sharp density interface even in the continuous process of the strong mixing caused by the relatively large-scale entrainment across the upper interface. This entrainment of ambient fluid starts to occur behind the head at the early stage of the evolution and continues in the developing gravity current. The region of the ntrainment is extended downstream, however the mixing is still vigorous just behind the head. These result from conductivity probes compared with the flow visualization as well as the computation, show that this large-scale mixing is attributable to the deformation and the roll-up of the upper density interface.
社団法人日本船舶海洋工学会の論文
1998-09-25

重力流の密度場の計測

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