大谷焼粘土の可塑性

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Ootani-yaki ware is famous for very large stone ware (for example a jar with 2m hight and 1m diameter). Ootani clay and Himeda clay (used for Ootani-yaki body and glaze respectively) were elutriated and classified into four size fractions. Identi-fication of clay minerals and a study of their plasticity are conducted for each fractions by means of thermal analysis, x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, specific surface area analysis and Pfefferkorn plasticity test. The results were ; (1) Main components of clay minerals in Ootani clays consisted of metahalloysite and illite/smectite mixed layer clay minerals. Himeda clay consisted of chlorite, illite, metahalloysite and illite/smectite mixed layer. Both clays were accompanied by quartz and feldspar as non-clay minerals. (2) The smaller the elutriated size fractions of both clays, the larger became the Pfefferkorn plasticity index (PI), water retentivity (WR : the difference in percent water loss between the bodies heated at 40℃ and 100℃) and ignition loss (IL). However the characteristic values of plasticity (CV=100・WR/PI) did not increase monotonously. The CV of Himeda clay was smaller than that of Ootani clay and increased with the decrease of its particle size. The CV of Ootani clay was 1.5 to 2 times larger than that of Himeda clay and remained substantially constant at any size fractions. The behaviour of CV was qualitatively explained by the clay mineral assemblages. (3) Thicknesses of water film after drying for 3 days at 40℃ (T_<40℃>) were nearly the same for both clays at any size fractions. Those measured with Pfefferkorn plasticity index (T_<pi>) were large for Himeda clay and small for Ootani clay. (4) The CV was theoretically identical with water film thickness ratio (T_<40℃>/T_<pi>), and the measurement of CV is much easier than that of water film thickness ratio, because it does not require specific surface area measurement. Therefore, it is re- commended to calculate this value to estimate the plasticity of various clay minerals.
日本粘土学会の論文
1982-06-25

大谷焼粘土の可塑性

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