Physiological Function and Metabolism of Free D-Alanine in Aquatic Animals(D-Amino Acid Biosystem)
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概要
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Aquatic crustaceans and some bivalve mollusks contain a large amount of free D-alanine (up to 100μmol/g wet wt.) in their tissues. Under high salinity stress, crustaceans and bivalve mollusks largely accumulate D- and L-alanine irrespective of species examined, together with L-glutamine, L-proline, and glycine of which increases are species dependent. These data indicate that D-alanine is one of the major compatible osmolytes responsible for the intracellular isosmotic regulation in the tissues of crustaceans and bivalves. Alanine racemase has been proven to catalyze the interconversion of D- and L-alanine in these invertebrates. The enzyme has been isolated to homogeneity from the muscle of black tiger prawn Penaeus monodon and its cDNA has been cloned from the muscle and hepatopancreas of kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus for the first time in eukaryotes other than yeast. Several fish species fed on crustaceans and mollusks contain D-amino acid and D-aspartate oxidases that catalyze the decomposition of D-amino acids. A cDNA of D-amino acid oxidase has been cloned from the hepatopancreas of omnivorous common carp Cyprinus carpio. During oral administration of free D-alanine to carp, the activity and mRNA of D-amino acid oxidase increased rapidly in hepatopancreas and the increases were highest in intestine followed by hepatopancreas and kidney. These data suggest that D-amino acid oxidase is inducible in carp and an important enzyme responsible for the efficient utilization of carbon skeleton of D-alanine in their feeds.
- 公益社団法人日本薬学会の論文
- 2005-09-01
著者
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岡田 茂
東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科
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Abe Hiroki
Department Of Aquatic Bioscience Graduate School Of Agricultural And Life Sciences The University Of
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OKADA Shigeru
Department of Anti-Aging Food Sciences, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Gr
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Okada Shigeru
Department Of Anti-aging Food Sciences Dentistry And Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University Grad
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Abe Hiroki
Department Of Applied Chemistry Graduate School Of Engineering Kyushu University
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YOSHIKAWA Naoko
Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University
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SAROWER Mohammed
Department of Aquatic Bioscience, The University of Tokyo
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Okada Shigeru
Department Of Aquatic Bioscience Graduate School Of Agricultural And Life Sciences The University Of
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岡田 茂
東大・院・農
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Sarower Mohammed
Department Of Aquatic Bioscience The University Of Tokyo
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Yoshikawa Naoko
Department Of Aquatic Bioscience Graduate School Of Agricultural And Life Sciences The University Of
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Okada Shigeru
Laboratory Of Marine Biochemistry Graduate School Of Agricultural And Life Sciences The University O
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Okada Shigeru
Department Of Fisheries Faculty Of Agriculture The University Of Tokyo
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岡田 茂
東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科水圏生物科学専攻
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