Catalytic Reactions of Pyridines. IV. Heterogeneous Vapor-phase Side-chain Alkylation of Pyridines with Alcohols over Na^+, K^+, Rb^+, and Cs^+ Exchanged Zeolites

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The heterogeneous vapor-phase alkylation of pyridine with methanol over Na^+, K^+, Rb^+, or Cs^+ exchanged X-or Y-type zeolite in an atmosphere of nitrogen resulted in the formation of 2- and 4-ethylpyridines and 2- and 4-vinylpyridines together with picolines and lutidines. Next, the alkylation of α-, β-, and γ-picolines with methanol was studied over alkali cation exchanged zeolites and was found to produce mainly the side-chain methylated derivatives (lutidines) were formed simultaneously. In general, the catalytic activity became observable under reaction conditions involving both a high temperature and a small flow rate of carrier gas (N_2). The yields of ethylpyridines were highest when the CsY catalyst was used at 450℃, whereas the yields of vinylpyridines were highest when the CsX catalyst was used at 425℃. This catalytic side-chain alkylation over alkali cation exchanged zeolites was successfully applied to a variety of picolines, lutidines, and ethylpyridines with either methanol or ethanol.
公益社団法人日本薬学会の論文
1982-02-25