Distortions and Residual Stresses in Submerged Arc Welding of 80 kg/mm^2 Class High Strength Steel

概要

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The characteristics of distortion and residual stress in submerged arc welding are experimentally studied for HT 80 high strength steel. One-pass or two-pass welds have been made on single- or double-Vee grooves of butt joints and a slit in plate, and a series of measurements have been made of the thermal cycles and mechanical strains in the base metals during welding and cooling as well as various types of distortions and the macro- and micro-residual stresses in the welded plates. The results obtained indicate that the modes of distortion and residual stress are generally characterized mainly by the high rate of arc travelling and the high yield point of the steel at high temperature. These factors promote a fan-like elastic deformation of the base metal plate on each side of weld zone that occurs due to the thermal stress by welding and remains after cooling, affecting the profiles of transverse shrinkage and longitudinal distortions. Both macro- and micro-residual stresses in longitudinal and transverse directions have the conventional general profiles, though there exist depressed tensile residual stresses at the face of weld or compressive stresses in some cases since the inherent contraction is the greatest near the center of weld metal.
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