同種移植抗体の研究 : 液性抗体と細胞結合性抗体

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Nelson proposed a theory for primary mechanism involved in allograft immunity in 1961. According to Nelson, allograft immunity would be an expression of an immunological cross-reaction of structural groups on molecules possessed by the recipient and the donor that have a similar, but not identical, chemical structure of antigens in the tissues. Fujii and Nelson (1963) demonstrated dissociation of the anti-sheep erythrocyte antibody (Ab) cross-reacting to methanol extract of guinea pig kidney, horse kidney and sheep erythrocyte, and preferential reassociation of the Ab for sheep erythrocytes. This preferential affinity of Ab for the antigen used for immunization was proposed as an immunochemical model for reaction that functions in allograft rejection phenomena. Cell-bound Ab in the sense of immunological cross-reaction was demonstrated on lymph node cells and platelet of guinea pig immunized with sheep erythrocyte stromata. Per cent inhibition of the dissociated Ab by Forssman extract was 44.0 and 86.9 respectively. On the contrary, Ab in the serum was never absorbed with such Forssman extract. This result indicated that the Ab dissociated from the cells was of Forssman-type Ab that had cross-reacted with Forssman antigen of the cells of guinea pig. The Ab was sensitive to 2-mercaptoethanol. Such Ab was also demonstrated on the node cells of the mice, Fl (DDD × C3H/He), transplanted with skin grafts from allogeneic C57BL mouse. This dissociated Ab was shown to be specifically cytotoxic against donor C57BL node cells in the presence of C', and also sensitive to 2-mercaptoethanol. On the immunization with 1st-set allograft of C57BL (H-2b), C3H/He (H-2k) mice revealed an earlier IgM and a later IgG antibodies. On the 3rd-set grafting, C3H/He mice responded with IgM followed by a rapid increase of IgG antibody production. Cytotoxic activity was mainly demonstrated in the IgM fractions obtained by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. On the opposite direction, C57BL mice, on immunization with C3H/He skin grafts, responded with only IgM Ab, if any, at low level in 1st-set to 3rd-set grafting. No remakable cytotoxic activity was demonstrated in these sera. The difference in Ab response of C3H/He and C57BL mice would suggest that humoral Ab response would depend on disparity between donor's and recipient's tissue antigens as was proposed in formation of cell-bound Ab. In C3H/He mice that received skin allograft from C57BL, cell-bound Ab activity was shown higher in 1st-set grafting in 2nd-set grafting in which higher level of humoral Ab was demonstrated. On the contrary, C57BL mice demonstrated same levels of cell-bound Ab activity through the period although the activity was not strong enough to cover the low level of humoral Ab. It is of interest to note that IgM Ab seems mainly to play cytotoxic activity in both humoral and cellbound antibodies in allograft immunity. Difference of the affinity or cross-reactivity of such IgM in humoral and cell-bound antibodies to recipient's tissue antigens is still under investigation.
日本アレルギー学会の論文
1967-12-30

同種移植抗体の研究 : 液性抗体と細胞結合性抗体

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