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I.Teratogenic study of mice exposed to ultrasound In the teratologic experiment,animals with clarified backgrounds about the spontaneous malformations and species of the strain must be used. In the experiment,the DHS inbred mouse strain was used. This strain has been maintained at Hokkaido University for more than 200 generations. An ultrasound generator with a frequency of 2 MHz of continuous wave was used. Mice were bound in the holder,and exposed to different intensities of 0.5, 0.75 and 1.4W/cm^2 for 5 minutes respectively in the constantly regulated water bath of 38℃. When ultrasound intensity of 0.5 and 0.75W/cm^2 were applied,anomalous fetuses were not observed. On the otherhand,when the intensity of 1.4W/cm^2 was applied, 14 fetuses in total implantations of 255 showed external malformations. The percentage for implantation was 5.5%. In other words, 12 out of 34 pregnant mice sonicated with 1.4W/cm^2 bore anomalous neonates. Its percentage in 35.3%. II. Ultrasound in reproductive endocrinology 1. Clinical study on human follicular development and ovulation: Correlation of ultrasound and endocrinologic assessment. (1) Growing follicles and follicular rupture could be observed by ultrasound,and plasma E_2 levels correlated with the number of follicles. (2) The ultrasonographic signs of ovulation occured within 24 hours from the days of LH peak and within 48 hours from the day of E_2 peak. (3) Follicular diameter measured by ultrasound correlated well with the actual diameter found during laparotomy,and E_2 and P.in the follicular fluid aspirated from large follicles(≧16mm)indicated high levels. 2. Ultrasonic and endocrinologic investigation of ovarian follicle and free fluid in the cul-de-sac for monitoring follicular development and ovulation. Ultrasound examinations demonstrated free fluid in the cul-de-sac at ovulation,and the concentrations of E_2 and progesterone in the peritoneal fluid by the puncture of the cul-de-sac dramatically increased after ovulation. 3. Time sequence of in vitro maturation in metaphase I and II of the squirrel monkey(Saimiri sciureus) oocyte. In vitro maturation sequence of squirrel monkey oocyte was studied. Follicular growth was induced by a hormonal regimen of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG) and oocytes were collected laparoscopically 15〜16h after hCG administration from 55 squirrel monkeys. A total of 666 oocytes were prepared and analyzed for maturational stage. At recovery, 84.7% of the aspirated oocytes were in the germinal vesicle or prohase I stage and the numbers of atretic and mature ova were low(15.3% and 8.3%,respectively). The highest rate of in vitro matured oocytes(75.2%) was found after 31h of incubation. 4. The accuracy of the ultrasonographic evaluation of ovarian follicles. This study is designed to compare the evaluations by ultrasonography and at operation in the number and size of follicles. 27 patients underwent operation (18 with laparoscopy and 9 with laparotomy). All received clomiphene citrate(c.c.) or c.c. and hMG. All follicles are classified into 3 groups (large 15mm,medium 10〜15mm,small 10mm in diameter). The mean numbers of follicles induced by c.c. and c.c.+hMG are 4.3 v.s. 6.4 respectively. The rate of accuracy of evaluations is 55.6%(15 cases). In the groups of the large and the medium follicles, the evaluations are completely correct and coincident in 20 cases(74.0%). Adhesion is one of the main causes in which the ultrasonographic measurement is not accurate. 5. Diagnosis of lutenized unruptured follicle(LUF) syndrome by ultrasound. To evaluate the role of ultrasound in diagnosing luteinized unruptured follicle(LUF), women with unexplained infertility were examined. They were monitored by daily ultrasound,and LUF was detected in 12 cases,giving an incidence of 12.6%.
社団法人日本産科婦人科学会の論文
1987-08-01

「リプロダクション」における画像診断の意義

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