レンゲの硬実に関する研究 : X. 不透水性の機構ならびに硬実化防止

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The treatment of seeds with four kinds of carbohydrase, four kinds of acid and its corresponding ammonium salt, ethyl ether and chloroform was carried out in order to clarify the cause of the impermeability, especially the substance concerned in it. The results obtained are as follows. 1) When yet the swelled seeds which were nearly ripe, were pretreated by soaking in a 1 per cent pectinase solution for 2 hours, the hard seed content decreased from 64.8 per cent to 8.3 per cent; and in the same pretreatment for 4 hours, the content decreased to 4.3 per cent; and in the same pretreatment for more than 8 hours, the hard seed content was not found at all. This fact indicates that pectinase prevents the hardening of seeds. However, this preventive effect was not found in cellulase, α-and β-amylase using the same pretreatment. 2) A remarkable preventive effect was found in the presoaking treatment, using the same seeds in 0.5 per cent oxalic acid and 0.5 per cent ammonium oxalate solution for 1 hour respectively: the hard seed content was decreased from 56.8 per cent to 0.8 per cent. When the same pretreatment was continued for 2 hours, the content was decreased to 0.5 per cent; and in the same pretreatment for more than 4 hours, the hard seed content was not found at all. If the treatment was prolonged, some decrease of hard seed content was also fouud in the presoaking treatment using the following combinations: 0.5 per cent citric acid and ammonium citrate; acetic acid and ammonium acetate; and hydrochloric acid and ammonium chloride. 3) The effectiveness in breaking hard-coatedness of a 1 per cent pectinase solution, and of a 0.5 per cent oxalic acid and ammonium oxalate, was not found in the case of strong hard seeds which remain hard for 51 days and 100 days respectively after placing on the seed-bed. 4) The soaking treatment with ethyl ether and chloroform gave no indications of being effective in the breaking of hard-coatedness, although it did show signs of effectiveness in the promotion of softening of seeds and germination. 5) From the results obtained, it was concluded that the pectic substances, presumably in the form of pectates, in the strophiole and palisade layers were involved in causing the impermeability of seeds, and that the impermeability was not caused by cuticula, though the cuticula controlled the velocity of seed-swelling and germination.
日本作物学会の論文
1967-12-10

著者

安江多輔
岐阜大学農学部

レンゲの硬実に関する研究 : X. 不透水性の機構ならびに硬実化防止

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