大豆, 小豆, 菜豆の生産生態に関する比較作物学的研究 : 第7報エネルギー吸収量ならびにその乾物生産効率からみた生産力の作物間差異

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The differences of productivity among the three crops were analyzed in terms of radiation absorption and its efficiency for dry matter accumulation, using the data obtained in the dry matter production-population density experiments reported previously^<12, 13, 14)>. In this experiment, photosynthetically-active radiation (PAR) intercepted by plant canopy (ΔPAR) during the experimental period (t_2-t_1) was calculated as ΔPAR=Σ^^<_2>__<i=t_1>0.444・S_i(1-exp^<Ks.LAIi)> where 0.444 is the proportion of full spectrum radiation in the range 400 to 700 nm; S_i is daily solar radiation; Ks is light-interception coefficient; LAI_i is daily value of leaf area index calculated assuming that LAI increased exponentially from t_1 to t_2. Light-interception coefficient was given by I/I_0=exp^<-Ks.LAI> where I_0 and I are the light intensities at the top and bottom of canopy, respectively, and the Ks value of each variety was estimated from the data measured three times for five population densities during the middle period of the growing season. The efficiency of dry matter accumulation per unit PAR intercepted (E_<PAR>, dry weight mg/kcal) during the experimental and/or full growing period was defined as E_<PAR>=ΔW/ΔPAR where ΔW is dry matter production and ΔPAR is the amount of PAR intercepted. E_<PAR> also could be described as E_<PAR>=NAR/(ΔPAR/<LAI>^^^-・Δt) [<LAI>^^^-=LAI_2-LAI_1/ln (LAI_2/LAI_1)] where NAR is net assimilation rate; LAI is mean leaf area index; Δt is number of days between t_1 and t_2; LAI_1 and LAI_2 are leaf area indices at times t_1 and t_2, respectively. The main results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The maximum dry matter production for azuki bean and kidney bean was about 50-60%, on average, of that for soybean (Table 1). The maximum values for CGR, LAI and E_<PAR> during growing season were higher in soybean (Table 2), indicating highly positive correlations with the maximum dry matter production (r≧0.898**). 2. When plotted disregarding crops, varieties and densities, dry matter production hag significantly positive correlations with ΔPAR and E_<PAR>, while it was related positively only with LAD, and negatively with NAR. The regression of dry matter production on ΔPAR differed between two groups, one group's values of E_<PAR> were lower and the other higher than about 9 mg/kcal (Fig. 1). In addition, a simple correlation coefficient between ΔPAR and E_<PAR> was not significant, but a partial correlation between them was highly negative (Table 3). 3. The differences in total and pod+seed dry weight produced during grain filling period were in the same order as that exhibited in thc maximum dry matter production (Table 4). During grain filling both total and pod+seed dry matter production increased curvilinearly with increase of ΔPAR, but linearly with E_<PAR>. Takarashozu differed from this relation because it did not reach the LAI value required for 95% light interception except under the highest density (Fig. 2). 4. The very close regressions of CGR on E_<PAR> were found among the stages with different mean solar radiation, disregarding crops, varieties and densities, for which LAIs are more than the value required for 90% light interception (Fig. 3 and Table 6). A close correlation was also found between CGRmax. calculated by WASTON's method and E_<PAR> (density mean) (Fig. 5). 5. E_<PAR> decreased curvilinearly with increase in light intensity (mean solar radiation during the experimental period), regardless of value of E_<PAR> (Fig. 4). This may be due to light-saturation phenomenon for photosynthesis in plant community. The revised values of E_<PAR> were calculated from the equation shown in Fig. 4 assuming that the mean solar radiation as constant 230 cal/cm^2/day during the growing season. They increased with time, reached a peak at the young pod stage (
日本作物学会の論文
1983-03-05

大豆, 小豆, 菜豆の生産生態に関する比較作物学的研究 : 第7報エネルギー吸収量ならびにその乾物生産効率からみた生産力の作物間差異

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大豆, 小豆, 菜豆の生産生態に関する比較作物学的研究 : 第7報 エネルギー吸収量ならびにその乾物生産効率からみた生産力の作物間差異

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大豆, 小豆, 菜豆の生産生態に関する比較作物学的研究 : 第7報エネルギー吸収量ならびにその乾物生産効率からみた生産力の作物間差異