An Improved Redox Dye-Staining Method Using 5-Cyano-2,3-Ditoryl Tetrazolium Chloride for Detection of Metabolically Active Bacteria in Activated Sludge
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
A fluorochrome-staining method using 5-cyano-2,3-ditoryl tetrazolium chloride (CTC) was improved to enhance the sensitivity of detection of metabolically active bacteria in activated sludge. The highest efficiency of CTC staining was obtained with 6 mM CTC in MOPS buffer at pH 6.5. CTC staining efficiency was also increased by adding a substrate mixture (0.05% peptone, 0.05% yeast extract and 1 mM glucose), Meldola's Blue as an electron transfer mediator and KCN. The bacterial counts detected by the CTC staining method thus improved accounted for 41-76% of the total counts in activated sludge with the average value being 54%. This value was approximately two-fold higher than those obtained by the traditional CTC staining assay which has been performed in phosphate buffer or phosphate-buffered saline without any addition of external substrate or electron transfer mediator. There was a high positive correlation between CTC-stained direct counts and the plate counts of aerobic chemoorganotrophic bacteria or viable cell counts measured using a LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability kit. The viable population in the activated sludges as measured by BacLight staining and plate counting accounted for 73±7.6% and 8.7±4.7% of the total population, respectively. These data suggested that most of the "viable but nonculturable" bacteria (i.e., BacLight-positive but unculturable population) potentially existing in the sludge system were so metabolically active as to be detectable by the improved CTC staining method.
著者
-
HIRAISHI AKIRA
Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology
-
YOSHIDA NAOKO
Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology
-
Hiraishi Akira
Department Of Ecological Engineering Toyohashi University Of Technology
-
Yoshida Naoko
Department Of Biomedical Sciences College Of Life Sciences Ritsumeikan University
-
Yoshida Naoko
Department Of Ecological Engineering Toyohashi University Of Technology
-
Hiraishi Akira
Department Of Biology Faculty Of Science Tokyo Metropolitan University
関連論文
- Phylogenetic and Transcriptional Analyses of a Tetrachloroethene-Dechlorinating "Dehalococcoides" Enrichment Culture TUT2264 and Its Reductive-Dehalogenase Genes
- Combined Use of Cyanoditolyl Tetrazolium Staining and Flow Cytometry for Detection of Metabolically Active Bacteria in a Fed-batch Composting Process
- Removal of polychlorinated dioxins by semi-aerobic fed-batch composting with biostimulation of "Dehalococcoides"(ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY)
- A Modified Cyanoditolyl Tetrazolium Reduction Method for Differential Detection of Metabolically Active Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteria
- An Improved Redox Dye-Staining Method Using 5-Cyano-2,3-Ditoryl Tetrazolium Chloride for Detection of Metabolically Active Bacteria in Activated Sludge
- Effects of Chemical Uncouplers on Microbial Biomass Production, Metabolic Activity, and Community Structure in an Activated Sludge System
- Activity and Community Composition of Denitrifying Bacteria in Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)-Using Solid-phase Denitrification Processes
- Characterization of the Microbial Community and Culturable Denitrifying Bacteria in a Solid-phase Denitrification Process Using Poly(ε-caprolactone) as the Carbon and Energy Source
- Multi-institutional study on the correlation between chromosomal abnormalities and epilepsy
- B-21 Comamonadacae : the important poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-degrading denitrifiers in activated sludge
- Rare Bacterium of New Genus Isolated with Prolonged Enrichment Culture
- Enrichment and Phylogenetic Analysis of Moderately Thermophilic Myxobacteria from Hot Springs in Japan
- Significance of Lipoquinones as Quantitative Biomarkers of Bacterial Populations in the Environment
- High Culturability of Bacteria in Commercially Available Personal Composters for Fed-batch Treatment of Household Biowaste
- Microbiology of Fed-batch Composting
- Nucleotide Sequences of Genes Coding for Photosynthetic Reaction Centers and Light-Harvesting Proteins of Acidiphilium rubrum and Related Aerobic Acidophilic Bacteria
- Biodiversity of Dehalorespiring Bacteria with Special Emphasis on Polychlorinated Biphenyl/Dioxin Dechlorinators
- In Situ Detection and Identification of Microorganisms at Single-Colony Resolution by Spectral Imaging
- Water Availability Is a Critical Determinant of a Population Shift from Proteobacteria to Actinobacteria during Start-Up Operation of Mesophilic Fed-Batch Composting
- Activity and Phylogenetic Composition of Proteolytic Bacteria in Mesophilic Fed-batch Garbage Composters
- Isolation and Characterization of Phototrophic Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria from Chloroflexus and Cyanobacterial Mats in Hot Springs
- Biotransformation of Polychlorinated Dioxins and Microbial Community Dynamics in Sediment Microcosms at Different Contamination Levels
- Estimation of "Dehalococcoides" Populations in Lake Sediment Contaminated with Low Levels of Polychlorinated Dioxins
- Combined Use of Cyanoditolyl Tetrazolium Staining and Flow Cytometry for Detection of Metabolically Active Bacteria in a Fed-batch Composting Process
- Distribution of Dibenzofuran-Degrading Bacteria in Soils Polluted with Different Levels of Polychlorinated Dioxins
- Fatty Acid Characteristics of Triacylglycerols and Phospholipids in Adzuki Beans (Vigna angularis)
- A Great Leap forward in Microbial Ecology
- Population Dynamics and Acetate Utilization Kinetics of Two Different Species of Phototrophic Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria in a Continuous Co-culture System
- Distribution and Capacity for Utilization of Lower Fatty Acids of Phototrophic Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria in Wastewater Environments
- Effects of Organic Nutrient Strength on the Purple Nonsulfur Bacterial Content and Metabolic Activity of Photosynthetic Sludge for Wastewater Treatment
- Restriction Pattern Analysis by High-performance Liquid Chromatography of PCR-amplified 16s rDNA Fragments from Scum-forming Bacteria in Activated Sludge
- Enhancement of Anti-tumor Activity of Natural Killer Cells by BALL-1, a B Cell Lymphoma Line
- Differences in Phototrophic Growth on High Phosphate Concentrations among Rhodopseudomonas species
- A New Approach to Numerical Analyses of Microbial Quinone Profiles in the Environment
- Terminal Restriction Pattern Analysis of 16S rRNA Genes for the Characterization of Bacterial Communities of Activated Sludge
- Isoprenoid Quinones as Biomarkers of Microbial Populations in the Environment
- Susceptibilities of Phospholipid Membranes Containing Cholesterol or Ergosterol to Gramicidin and its Derivative Incorporated in Lysophospholipid Micelles
- A Great Leap forward in Microbial Ecology
- Isolation and Functional Gene Analyses of Aromatic-Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria from a Polychlorinated-Dioxin-Dechlorinating Process
- Nitrate Removal Efficiency and Bacterial Community Dynamics in Denitrification Processes Using Poly (L-lactic acid) as the Solid Substrate
- Biodiversity of Dioxin-Degrading Microorganisms and Potential Utilization in Bioremediation
- Anaerobic Degradation of Aromatic Compounds by Magnetospirillum Strains: Isolation and Degradation Genes
- Isolation and Functional Gene Analyses of Aromatic-Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria from a Polychlorinated-Dioxin-Dechlorinating Process
- Inhibitory effects of catechin derivatives on mammalian DNA polymerase and topoisomerase activities and mouse one-cell zygote development(BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING)
- Characteristics of Lipid Components and Triacylglycerol Molecular Species of Jack Bean (Canavalia gladiata DC.)
- Characteristics of Lipid Components and Triacylglycerol Molecular Species of Jack Bean (Canavalia gladiata DC.)