人間労働の史的変遷過程(1) : 労働の理念的・形態的視点からの探求

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The main aim of this paper is to examine the historical dynamics of human labor and how our way of thinking toward labor have changed in the economical and social process and how religeon have played a role in labor idea and labor life. The last aim of this paper is to explore the basic labor philosophy and new way of thinking or value toward labor for the coming of new century. In this part I of two series we explored how human labor has changed society and created a civilization with particular emphasis on ancient society and Roman Empire. In primitive society aquiring foods or animals was a main human labor to live longer and raise their family. With the development of agriculture new type of labor emerged and labor life was radically changed. A leader or a chief of the community which succeeded in attaining high productivity in agriculture acquired a new territory or land through war or struggle which have been occupied by local community or tribes for a long time. Those who lived in newly occupied place were compelled to work hard in a bad working condition as a slave. In this process the concept of class and the private ownership has emerged. In other words the rich people and the poor people without means of production were created. It seems to us that this is a origin of what we call an oppresive and class society. But this unequal society gave many exploited people an important opportunity to think in what way and means they had to change their social structure and social paradox. With the emergence of Roman Empire new philosophy was introduced in managing and controlling a human labor. Christianity played an important role in reforming the condition of human labor. The number of slaves were reduced and spiritual life was become important in daily lefe. The important thing is that with the introduction of religeon the great personal power and influence of the empeor was become limited compared with previous times. And it seems to us that the basic idea of labor was transformed from the Emperor-oriented labor toward individual-oriented labor. In Roman Times the big buildings or long-distance road connecting Rome with foreign cities under Roman controll was constructed by the order of the Emperor. It is not too much to say that Christianity has brought about an epoch-making development and drastic change in thinking toward labor in the history of human labor. This way of thinking has been transferred to the Medieval Europe.
広島文化学園大学の論文
1999-07-31

著者

浜野譲治
呉大学短期大学部

人間労働の史的変遷過程(1) : 労働の理念的・形態的視点からの探求

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