コンドロイチン硫酸による経験依存的な神経可塑性の制御
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概要
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経験依存的な神経可塑性は、生後初期の臨界期と呼ばれる時期に強く見られ、成体では顕著に低下する。臨界期の終了した成体脳から細胞外マトリックス成分であるコンドロイチン硫酸プロテオグリカン (CSPG) を除去することで可塑性が回復する。そのため、CSPGは可塑性を阻害する非特異的な物理的障壁であると認識されてきた。しかし最近の研究から、CSPGが神経回路の機能的接続に対して特異的な機能を果たすことが提唱されている。つまり、CSGPの機能は、コンドロイチン硫酸 (CS) 鎖の特異的な硫酸化修飾によって特徴付けられる硫酸化コードの中に書きこまれており、それが神経可塑性を制御する可能性がある。CSPGは生後の発生に伴い、経験依存的な可塑性において重要な役割を果たすパルブアルブミン陽性の抑制性神経細胞周囲に集積し、ペリニューロナルネットを形成する。本総説では、CS鎖の硫酸化コードと抑制性神経細胞の成熟との関連に焦点をあて、経験依存的な可塑性におけるCSPGの機能について最近の知見を概説する。
- 2011-11-30
著者
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Kitagawa Hiroshi
Department Of Biochemistry Kobe Pharmaceutical University
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Kitagawa Hiroshi
Department Of Adaptive Machine Systems Graduate School Of Engineering Osaka University
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Miyata Shinji
Department Of Biochemistry Kobe Pharmaceutical University
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