Electrical Properties of Textured (Bi1/2K1/2)TiO3–BaTiO3 Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics

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The electrical properties of ($1-x$)(Bi1/2K1/2)TiO3–$x$BaTiO3 (BKT–BT100$x$) ceramics prepared by an ordinary solid-state reaction and a reactive templated grain growth (RTGG) method using platelike Bi4Ti3O12 particles as a template were investigated. The degree of orientation, $F$, which was determined by the Lotgering method using an X-ray diffraction pattern, achieved ${\approx}83$% in the textured BKT–BT10 ceramic. A textured BKT–BT10 ceramic with a homogeneous microstructure was obtained after a long sintering time. The field-induced strains and piezoelectric properties of the BKT–BT10 ceramic were improved by improving grain orientation. In particular, the piezoelectric strain constant, $d_{33}$, and the normalized strain, $d_{33}^{*}$, of the textured BKT–BT10 ceramic in the direction parallel ($\parallel$) to the tape stacking direction were 121 pC/N and 211 pm/V (at 80 kV/cm), respectively.
2009-07-25