血漿濾過における限外濾過膜の性能評価

概要

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The water permeation and macromolecule retention characteristics of hollow-fiber membranes in plasma filtration were investigated. The filtrate-flux increased with an increase in a transmembrane pressure difference, but the rate of increase of flux gradually decreased even at a low pressure difference because of concentration polarization. At a constant pressure difference, the filtrate-flux was dependent only on a wall shear rate per length of hollow-fiber, γ/l. The filtrate-fluxes at the same value of γ/l were measured; the linear relationship between a pure water flux and a plasma filtrate flux was obtained regardless of the membrane type, from that the water permeability of membrane itself could be evaluated. By gel chlomatography, it was found that plasma proteins were retained by the membrane with a cut-off molecular weight of 50000. The polyamide membrane filter having the highest flux among the filters tested was applied to the plasma-purification system composed of an urease column, an ion-exchanger column and an activated charcoal column. The water including the uremic toxins such as urea and creatinine was consequently removed from plasma without leakage of plasma protein at a flow rate of 1.0ml/min and a low transmembrane pressure difference such as 50mmHg.
日本膜学会の論文