新抗生物質Tuberactinの生物学的および薬理学的性状について

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A new antibiotic, Tuberactin (TU), has been isolated from fermentation broths of a new strain of streptomyces named St. griseoverticillatus var. tuberacticus. This antibiotic is water soluble basic peptide, and is effective against tubercle bacilli as well as some of gramnegative and gram-positive bacteria. It relates viomycin (VM) in some physico-chemical properties, however, TU differs clearly from VM in its chromatographic behavior and amino acids composition. Some preliminary data of biological and pharmacological studies on the antibiotic is reported in this paper. (I) Biological studies 1) Antimicrobial spectrum The minimal inhibi t o ry concentration of tuberactin against a variety of microorganisms was determined by the serial agar streak dilution method. It inhibits the growth of mycobacteria, some of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. 2) Microbiological assay Standard curves in c up plate or disc plate method were determined for Bacillus subtilis PCI 219 and Mycobacterium avium F as test organism, and the effects of media compositions and pH were checked. 3) Stabilit y Stabi l i ty in aquous solution was observed at 100°C in various pH. TU is markedly stable in acid and neutral solution. The effect of blood components on the biological activity was also examined. (II) Pharmacological studies 1) Absorption and exc r e tion The absorption of TU was studied in mice and rats by i. m. injection or oral administration of 100 mg/kg single dose. The antibiotic concentration in the blood and urine and distribution in various organs of rats were determined by use of microbiological assay. 2) Toxicology The a cute toxicity was determined in mice and rats. No death of mice was observed by both i. m. injection and oral administration of 1, 600 mg/kg and 3, 200 mg/kg, respectively. The subacute toxicity was examined in rats by i. m. injection of 50, 1 00, 200 and 400mg/kg as daily dose for 30 days. The growth curves were compared with saline or VM treated groups. No significant adversary effects were observed in preliminary clinical laboratory tests, hematological and histological examinations of the animal treated with 200 mg/kg or less doses of TU. Biological and pharmacological data suggests the close relationship between TU and VM, but TU shows rather higher blood level and organ distribution than VM and seemes to be less toxic in subacute toxicological study. Further investigations inclu d ing the effects on renal and auditory function are necessary to estimate the therapeutic usefulness of this antibiotic.
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新抗生物質Tuberactinの生物学的および薬理学的性状について

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