OCP, PCBおよびPCTの環境 : 人体移行機序に関する研究

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The distributions and time-courses of the organochlorine pesticides (OCP), PCB and PCT in foodstuffs, daily commodities, animals and human body samples obtained from city areas in Niigata and Akita prefectures were investigated during the period from August 1969 to July 1975. In addition, experiments on DDT intake into the human body through cigarette smoking and on PCB uptake into fish were performed. For PCB and PCT, body distribution in the rabbit and the biological half times in the mouse were examined.The following results were obtained:1) β-BHC in milk was the most abundant, making up 67% of the total BHC. It was assumed that the BHC contamination in milk came from paddy straw contaminated with BHC. The residues found in milk in 1973 were one tenth of the amounts found in 1971.2) BHC and DDT were detected in most of the samples of fruits and vegetables tested. Cucumber and potato were highly contaminated by dieldrin. Aldrin which had been used as a soil fungicide was found to be the immediate cause.3) There were high PCB accumulations in fishes, especially in dace (UGUI) among the freshwater fishes and in mackerel (SABA) among the salt-water fishes, and in cats and fowls (egrets, etc.) that were heavy fish eaters.4) No PCT was detected in vegetable foodstuffs, fish and shellfish, nor in dairy products, but there were accumulations in dogs and in fowls with polyphagia feeding habits.5) In human milk, BHC, DDT, dieldrin, PCB and PCT were detected, and no significant change was found in a follow-up survey of OCP and PCB during the 3 years 1971∼1973.6) The accumulation of OCP, PCB and PCT found in human fat was similar to that found in human milk. No correlation between the PCB and PCT contents was found.7) In the OCP survey of standard diet samples in Niigata, seasonal variations of sorts were observed; the amounts of OCP were especially remarkable in meats and vegetables.8) DDT transfer into human body due to cigarette smoking was found, but the amounts were slight.9) The experimental data on PCB uptake into fish in water that contained PCB (KC-400) showed that the gills and the surface of the body as well as the bait in the food chain were important routes for PCB uptake.10) The body distribution in the rabbit after peroral or subcutaneous administration showed no distinct differences in PCB (KC-600) and PCT (KC-C). The biological half times of KC-600 and KC-C in the whole body of the mouse were about 260 and 160 days, respectively.In conclusion, for BHC, the main route was a BHC agent spread in rice fields→milk and beef→human body; for DDT it was a DDT agent→animal foodstuff (e.g., pork, fish)→human body; for dieldrin and heptachlor epoxide it was an aldrin and heptachlor agent scattered in the soil→agricultural product (e.g., cucumber, potato)→human body; for PCB it was environmental water→fish and shellfish→human body. However, for PCT the main route of accumulation in the human body could not be clearly defined, but inhalation and direct absorption through the skin might be possible routes.

著者

皆川興栄
秋田大学医学部

OCP, PCBおよびPCTの環境 : 人体移行機序に関する研究

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