Catalytic Synthesis of Acetonitrile in Fluidized Bed. II:Operating Conditions of Alumina Catalysts and their Catalytic Activities.

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The preceeding report dealt with the investigation on the conditions for preparation of alumina catalyst to be used for synthesis of acetonitrile in fluidized bed, while this report deals with the investigations on the effect of water vapor, the change of activity of catalyst with the life time and the effect of grain size of catalyst treated with optimum amount of alkali. A quartz reaction tube of the diameter 1.5 inch and the grain size about 100-200 mesh of catalyst were used. There was an optimum partial pressure of water vapor for this reaction and the formation of ammonium carbamate was accelerated by the presence of excess of water vapor. Using alumina catalyst for a long time of reaction gave a sudden decrease of activity of the catalyst after a certain time. It is considered this is due to the poisoning of main reaction activity by the side reaction product formed at different acidic point other than the activity point for synthesis of nitrite. As the fluidization of powder in the fluidized bed becomes more easy by the presence of particles of small size, the presence of such small particles has much effect on the result of reaction.
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