界面活性剤溶液の表面流動特性--表面加速現象に関する実験および理論的考察

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An experimental study was undertaken to clarify the surface-hydrodynamical acceleration phenomena prevailing along a horizontal gas/liquid interface of surfactant solutions upstream of a weir. Aqueous solutions of four surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, <I>n</I>-hexanoic acid and n-heptanoic acid) were used for testing. A laser doppler velocimeter and the Wilhelmy method were used to measure distributions of velocity and surface tension respectively.<BR>Experimental results showed that the increase in surface velocity along the flow direction (surface acceleration) took place in concert with increase in surface tension near the weir.<BR>A simple model was proposed to elucidate the fundamental mechanism of surface acceleration. The model correlates the observed distributions of surface tension as well as velocity, except for the results observed in rather concentrated solutions of SDS and SDBS. It was revealed that adsorption rate process took an important role in developing the acceleration phenomena. This result suggests a new principle in measurement of adsorption rate constant.
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