地域高齢者の口腔保健行動 : PRECEDE-PROCEEDモデルを用いた類型化

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We have been conducting research to develop an effective program of oral health promotion for older people. As the first step, this study was done with the aim of understanding the actual oral health behavior among older people and considering ways to support them. The participants in this study were 23 people, 13 men and 10 women, mean age 76.3±3.8 years, who belonged to the senior club in their community. Data were collected using focus group interviews with about 6 people in each interview. Semi-structured interviews were conducted based on PRECEDE assessment stages of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model, and the content of the interviews was then analyzed qualitatively. Forty-one categories were identified as actual oral health behaviors or factors effecting behavior. Categories classified under “QOL” represented the desire of older people to maintain chewing function, speaking function, good teeth to enjoy food, and relationships with people around them. Categories under “Health” showed the health problems of older people, including oral pain, bleeding of the gums, bad breath, thirst caused by decreased saliva secretion, and choking caused by dysphagia. “Behavior and lifestyle” categories showed that the oral health behavior of older people included not only dental hygiene and dysphagia but also going to the dentist. Categories under “Predisposing factors”, “Reinforcing factors”, “Enabling factors”, and “Environment” showed specific factors that affect oral health behavior, such as family concern about the oral health and meals of older people, and oral health support and systems in their community.

地域高齢者の口腔保健行動 : PRECEDE-PROCEEDモデルを用いた類型化

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