Phylogenetic relationships of three species within the family Heligmonellidae (Nematoda; Heligmosomoidea) from Japanese rodents and a lagomorph based on the sequences of ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers, ITS-1 and ITS-2
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Nematodes of the family Heligmonellidae (Heligmosomoidea; Trichostrongylina) reside inthe digestive tracts of rodents and lagomorphs. Although this family contains largenumbers of genera and species, genetic information on the Heligmonellidae is very limited.We collected and isolated adult worms of three species in Japan that belong to the familyHeligmonellidae, namely Heligmonoides speciosus (Konno, 1963) Durette-Desset, 1970 (Hs)from Apodemus argenteus, Orientostrongylus ezoensis Tada, 1975 (Oe) from Rattusnorvegicus and Lagostrongylus leporis (Schulz, 1931) (Ll) from Pentalagus furnessi, andsequenced the entire internal transcribed spacer regions, ITS-1 and ITS-2 of ribosomalDNA. ITS-1 of Hs, Oe and Ll was 426, 468 and 449 bp in length, and had a G＋C content ofabout 41, 41 and 37 %, respectively. ITS-2 of Hs, Oe and Ll was 297, 319 and 276 bp in lengthand had a G＋C content of about 38, 40 and 28%, respectively. The data of Hs, Oe and Llwere compared with those of two other known species within the family Heligmonellidae,Calorinensis minutus (Dujardin, 1845) (Cm) and Nippostrogylus brasiliensis (Travassos,1914) (Nb), and with those of two species of Heligmosomidae (Heligmosomoidea),Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri and Ohbayashinema erbaevae. Phylogenetic analysisplaced Hs, Oe and Ll in the same clade with Cm and Nb, forming a Heligmonellidae branchin both ITS-1 and ITS-2, separate from the Heligmosomoidea branch. These resultsdemonstrated that the ITS-1 and ITS-2 sequences are useful for differentiating the Heligmonellidae nematode species. This study is the first to describe the ITS-1 and ITS-2sequences of Hs, Oe and Ll.
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