Involvement of the P1 Cistron in Overcoming eIF4E-Mediated Recessive Resistance Against Clover yellow vein virus in Pea

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Two recessive genes (cyv1 and cyv2) are known to conferresistance against Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV) in pea.cyv2 has recently been revealed to encode eukaryotic translationinitiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and is the same allele assbm1 and wlm against other potyviruses. Although mechanicalinoculation with crude sap is rarely able to cause infectionof a cyv2 pea, biolistic inoculation of the infectiousClYVV cDNA clone does. At the infection foci, the breakingvirus frequently emerges, resulting in systemic infection.Here, a derived cleaved-amplified polymorphic sequenceanalysis showed that the breakings were associated with asingle nonsynonymous mutation on the ClYVV genome,corresponding to an amino-acid substitution at position 24(isoleucine to valine) on the P1 cistron. ClYVV with thepoint mutation was able to break the resistance. This is afirst report demonstrating that P1 is involved in eIF4Emediatedrecessive resistance.