Clinical Significance of the Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) and Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) in Patients with Retinal Vascular Occlusion

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Purpose: To report the clinical significance of ankle-brachial index (ABI) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in retinal vascular occlusion. Method: We measured the ABI and PWV, which are used as clinical indicators of arteriosclerosis, of 106 patients with retinal vascular occlusion (RVO) as well as hypertensive retinopathy (HR) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), and 100 age-matched healthy control subjects. Results: ABI decreased with advancing age in patients with RVO, whereas no age-related changes were observed in non-RVO patients and control subjects. Furthermore, ABI was significantly lower in patients having combined presence of HR, DR and RVO than it was in patients with either HR, DR, RVO, HR+DR, HR+RVO or DR+RVO. Five out of six patients with abnormally low ABI values (less than 0.9) had associated central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). In contrast, no such associations were observed in PWV among the groups. Conclusion: Our present data provide the first evidence that measurement of ABI may be a clinical marker for management for retinal vascular occlusion, especially for CRAO.