Management of nitrogen fertilizer application rates based on soil nitrogen fertility with the goal of lowering nitrate nitrogen concentrations in Sudangrass (Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf)(Plant Nutrition)
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概要
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High levels of nitrate nitrogen (NO_3-N) in forage crops can poison ruminants. To promote stable production of Sudangrass (Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf) with safe NO_3-N levels, we investigated the influence of soil nitrogen (N) on Sudangrass yield and on NO_3-N concentrations, and we propose a fertilizer management strategy based on soil N levels for a regime based on the application of cattle manure composted with sawdust. We used the available N content determined by incubation of fresh soil as an indicator of soil N. Both the yield and NO_3-N concentration of Sudangrass increased with increasing available N. The NO_3-N concentrations in the first grass harvest remained lower than 2gkg^<-1> (dry-matter basis), which represents the critical level to avoid nitrate poisoning of ruminants in Japan, with an available N content of 40mgkg^<-1> (dry-soil basis), the level where yield remained approximately stable without additional N fertilizer. The NO_3-N concentration increased linearly with increasing available N and exceeded the critical level when available N exceeded 50mgkg^<-1>. Under low levels of N (less than 30mgkg^<-1>), the target yields for the first grass harvest, with safe levels of NO_3-N, could be obtained with the application of 10g NM^<-2> in fertilizer, lower than the recommended rate of 15gNm^<-2>. The NO_3-N concentration was higher in the second grass harvest under the same levels of soil N with an available N of 40mgkg^<-1> or more. The NO_3-N concentrations in the second harvest exceeded the critical level when the available N was 40mgkg^<-1>. These results indicate that available N content is an effective indicator for the stable production of Sudangrass with acceptably low NO_3-N concentrations.
著者
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SUNAGA Yoshihito
National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science
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HARADA Hisatomi
National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science
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KAWACHI Tahei
National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science
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HATANAKA Tetsuya
National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science
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ティワリ カウサル
新潟大農
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Kaushal Tewari
Faculty Of Agriculture Niigata University
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Harada H
National Institute Of Livestock And Grassland Science:(present Office)agriculture Forestry And Fishe
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Harada Hisatomi
National Grassland Research Institute
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Hatanaka T
National Institute Of Livestock And Grassland Science
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Hatanaka Tetsuya
National Grassland Research Institute
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