米国の経済協力活動 : USAIDを中心に

スポンサーリンク

概要

• 論文の詳細を見る

• Looking back to the modern history of economic aid to developing countries, the United States could be a central country in initiating aid policy in the world. Anti-communism and national security were the motivations for the provision of the aid, based on a belief that if standards of living were improved, people would be less attracted to communism. Although its primary motivation was strategic, the popularity of aid was reinforced by humanitarian considerations. In 1961, President Kennedy proposed the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 which was passed by Congress. An Executive Order created USAID. Until the early 1970s, most of the US assistance programme was oriented to the building of economic and social infrastructure, education and training. Regarding USAID activity, USAID had fielded large numbers of direct hire technicians in projects throughout the world. During the 1970s, USAID had sharply reduced its direct hire staff. Programmes were almost entirely carried out through intermediaries such as contractors, universities, and the recipients countries. Also, starting in 1992, USAID was again reorganised and the priorities problems was addressed by establishing four strategic areas under USAID's sustainable development agenda: encouraging broad-based economic growth, protecting the environment, building democracy and stabilizing world population growth. New basic legislation was formulated for the aid programme placing greater emphasis on results-oriented programmes and clarifying USAID's role. These activities initiated by USAID should be a model for Japan's aid policy in terms of pursuing more efficient one.

• 麗澤大学の論文

著者

• 成相 修

  麗澤大学

関連論文

• 「新ブレトンウッズ体制」説をめぐって : 米国の経常収支赤字の持続性とアジア諸国の輸出主導型成長
• 海外の日本評と日本の長期経済展望
• 米国の経済協力活動 : USAIDを中心に
• 技術協力における知的支援 : 歴史的変遷
• 東欧の経済改革の評価 : ポーランドの改革の例
• APECの性格づけについて : 新貿易理論とAPEC

スポンサーリンク