新疆におけるイスラム教の定着:東チャガタイ汗国 : 新疆イスラム教小史 3

概要

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In 1513, when the Buddhism power was expelled from Hami(the eastern end of Xinjiang),Islamization in the Eastern Turkistan was completed. However, there was a time of big stagnation before. After Kara-Khan Dynasty was driven away from the eastern Central Asia by a non-Islam regime Kara Khitai at the beginning of the 12th century, Islam lost its superiority in the central part of the Silk-Road(Central Asia) for two hundred years. Islam confronted with the biggest crisis because of the prosperity of Buddhism and Nestorianism under the rule of a non-Islam power, the Mongol Empire. In 1420, the majority of the habitants in Turpan were Buddhists and a lot of Buddhist temples were built there. Mosques were face to face with Buddhist temples in Hami(Qmul). In the Eastern Chaghatai-Khan Dynasty, Islam got rid of predicament and reached its superiority in Eastern Turkistan.The Eastern Chaghatai-Khan Dynasty not only expelled the Buddhist power from Xinjiang and established Islam in Eastern Turkistan, but also popularized Islam Suffism. At the same time, Khwajas made large invasion from Central Asia. Khwajas maintained the political and economical power that was strong enough to control the Eastern Chaghatai-Khan Dynasty, which is called "the Age of Khwajas".