清朝末期から中華民国初期における中国女子体育に対する一考察

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The Ching Dynasty, which came into being in the wake of the defeat in the Opium War that burst out in 1840, was prompted to push forward the westernization move after unfavorable experiences in the subsequent wars with many countries. The establishment of schools designed after the western educational system was part of this renovation, but these schools included no institutions for girls. Reasoning that the defeat in the Sino-Japanese War was due to the very fact that Japan was so far ahead of the national education, the Ching Dynasty set out preparations to promulgate the educational system, which came into force in 1902 and 1903. At that time, however, the public thought of man being predominant over woman was still so overwhelming that the promulgated educational system did not concern the school education of girls. With the progress in the modernization, some informed people began to advocate the necessity for girls' education, which, coupled with the fact that all the advanced countries had schools for girls, led the Ching government to the promulgation of regulations concerning schools for girls in 1907. Such schools, however, differed from those for boys in term, and only included primary and normal schools. At any rate, the educational system intended for girls was established, which, however, never could change the stubborn "No Education for Girls" philosophy that was then deeply rooted among the public. This tendency kept the number of girls' schools from increasing beyound a 171st of boys' despite the lapse of three years after the educational system was enforced; girls going to schools were then one 150th of boys, and as many as 13 provinces had no schools for girls.
慶應義塾大学の論文

清朝末期から中華民国初期における中国女子体育に対する一考察

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