「モンタペルティ現象」試論(山川偉也教授退任記念号)

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In my book `The Defeat that Changed Medieval Florence', I showed that the defeat of the Florentine army by Siena at Montaperti played an important part in the subsequent cultural and economical development of Florence, and that a similar phenomenon happened after the Second World War in Japan, Germany, and Italy ; I called this the `Montaperti Phenomenon'. J. M. Najemy's `A History of Florence 1250_1575' (2006) also admitted that the flowering of both Florentine culture and its economy happened almost simultaneously in the late half of the 13th century, but did not recognize the importance of the defeat of Montaperti. In this essay, therefore, I examine points of similarity between medieval Florence and postwar Japan not only to explain the phenomenon more clearly, but also to demonstrate the insufficiency of Najemy's account of Medieval Florence. Medieval Florence and modern Japan had three principal points in common: first, they were militant and aggressive states which had fought for years prior to their decisive defeat; second, they each enjoyed an advantageous position in the international arena following their defeat ; and third, the struggle to overcome postwar burdens tempered their people, leading them to their final success. The curious events of the 14th century in Florence, such as the conflict between White and Black and the reign of the Duke of Athens, cannot be understood without a comprehension of the Montaperti Phenomenon. However, the phenomenon has gone largely unnoticed until now because in the pre-modern world victors could treat defeated nations arbitrarily, leaving them no chance to recover. As a result, the aforementioned three points of similarity rarely came together until the advent of the modern world, and the influence of the defeat lingered for a long time.
2009-03-10

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米山喜晟
桃山学院大学文学部(元)

「モンタペルティ現象」試論(山川偉也教授退任記念号)

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