選択硫化反応を用いる使用済核燃料再処理法

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For the recovery of nuclear materials from spent oxide fuel, a novel reprocessing process by selective sulfurization method was examined. This process consists of 1) voloxidation, 2) selective sulfurization and 3) selective dissolution steps. The advantages of the process are, 1) low temperature sulfurization reaction, 2) consumption of reactants only for the sulfurization of fission products, 3) recycle of oxide fuel materials. Sulfurization behavior of uranium oxides and fission products such as rare-earths (Ln_2O_3), with CS_2 was investigated by XRD analysis as well as thermodynamic consideration. The sulfurization behavior of PuO_2 was also investigated by using CeO_2 as a stand-in of PuO_2. The results are summarized as follows; 1) At voloxidation step, UO_2 was found to be oxidized to U_3O_8 by the heat treatment in air at 1273 K, while a part of U_3O_8 changed to rare-earth doped UO_2 solid solution in the presence of rare-earths. 2) Rare-earth oxides were selectively sulfurized by CS_2 at temperatures lower than 775 K, while U_3O_8 was reduced to UO_2 without sulfurization. 3) Cerium oxide CeO_2 showed a similar sulfurization behavior to that of UO_2 at temperature range from 573 to 773 K. 4) The sulfurized rare-earths selectively dissolved into nitric acid, while UO_2 did not. 5) Sulfurization behaviors of other fission products such as cesium, strontium, platinum group were discussed by thermodynamic consideration. 6) From the above results, process for recycling nuclear materials as oxides (UO_2 and PuO_2) by selective sulfurization was proposed.報文Original Paper
東北大学の論文

選択硫化反応を用いる使用済核燃料再処理法

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