ソルゴ雑種の育種学的研究

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Tow strains of Sorgo hybrids, So-5 and So-8 were obtained by intervarietal hybridization of Sorgo X Sudan grass. The former strain is So-3 (a Japanese native variety of Sorgo with red grain and dense head) X So-1 (Sudan grass), and the latter one is So-4 (a Japanese native variety of Sorgo with black grain and loose head) X So-1 The majority of the characteristics of both F_1 plants were intermediate, however remarkable hybrid vigor was demonstrated in some important characters as soilage crops, i.e. plant height, leaf length, etc. Furthermore, vigorous tillering and regenerating ability and high disease resistance of parental plants were introduced into the F_1 plants. Otherwise, genic segregation of the main characters in F_2 generation of Sorgo hybrids (So-5) which are closely related to the productivity of the soilage, i. e. plant height, number of stalks, diameter of stalks and heading period, showed the continuous variation curves having a striking mode and small range of distribution. Moreover the crop grown from F_2 generation seed was not so much notably inferior in the hybrid vigor to the crop grown from F_1 generation seed. From the data discribed above it may be concluded that the possibility of practical cultivation of F_2 generation must be admitted. The observations clearly demonstrated that the state of the crop grown from F_2 seed is as much regular as either parent and heavy harbest is obtained as the result of competition occured among individuals growing close together. Results obtained from the performance tests in these three years were summarized as follows: So-5 F_2 was most productive, and F_3 of this strain showed also high yields of soilage if the F_2 individuals were selected properly. So-8 F_2 showed almost similar productivity as So-5, however, had more slender stalks and rather longer internode than the latter. Some characteristics of Sorgo hybrids both So-5 and So-8 suitable for practical culture of soilage are presented below: 1) Regenerating ability after cutting the stalks is distinctly strong in Sorgo hybrid in contrast with parent Sorgo. Accordingly if the seeds once sown, soilage harvest may be done two or more times successively until the frost season. 2) It is a convenient point in contrast with dent corn that Sorgo hybrid is hard to fall down even by the considerably strong wind or rainfall. 3) Resistance to fungus deseases distinctly appeared in Sorgo, while Sudan grass is quite sensitive. F_1 plants almost entirely resistant and in F_2 generation considerable resistance are observed in general containing either entirely resistant type or somewhat sensitive type of individuals. 4) Sorgo hybrid shows high drought resistance and has a wide range of adaptability to soils. 5) Soilage of Sorgo hybrid are suited to the taste of many kinds of livestock. because the stalks containing some quantities of sugars.
日本草地学会の論文

ソルゴ雑種の育種学的研究

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