New Cathode Material for Air-Plasma Cutting (Report IV) : Direct Observation of Cathode Surface Erosion Process(Physics, Process, Instrument & Measurement)

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This paper describes the observation of cathode surface during arc discharge in various gas atmospheres. The sintered 80Ru-20Y_2O_3 electrode and Hf electrode are compared in Ar and Ar+20%O_2 gases. In consequence, in Ar shielding gas, the fusion area of cathode surface separated two regions of Ru and Y_2O_3 components and the molten particle was sputtered from Ru part. In Ar+20%O_2, the top of cathode surface was covered with the molten layer of Y_2O_3 and the plasma was stably sustained. From spectroscopy, the evaporation of cathode materials was increased with increasing oxygen content in shielding gas and arc current. Arc stability and life time of cathode is considered to be depended on the character of Y_2O_3 layer.
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