Measurement of Three-dimensional Welding Residual Stresses due to Electron Beam Welding(Welding Mechanics, Strength & Design)

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In this research, T-edge method and L_z method, in which inherent strains are dealt as parameters, are applied to measurement of three-dimensional welding residual stresses produced by electron beam welding (EBW). Accuracy of the measured residual stresses are discussed. As a result, characteristics of three-dimensional residual stress distributions due to EBW are described. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) Validity and availability of T-edge method, developed in order to save time and expense for measurement, are demonstrated by showing the fact that the accuracy of three-dimensional welding residual stress distributions measured by this method is very high. 2) Study on accuracy of residual stresses in a long welded joint measured by T-edge method and L_z method suggested that residual stresses produced by EBW should never be uniform along the weld line, though continuous welding is applied in both cases under the same restraint condition. 3) Residual stress in the welding direction, a_x, produced in the weld metal distributed in the plate thickness direction varies from spot to spot in magnitude and distributes complicatedly. Since melting region is very narrow in EBW, mechanical restraint condition of the weld metal becomes so severe that the same large tensile residual stress as in HAZ is produced in the weld metal. 4) Residual stresses produced in the weld metal perpendicular to the weld line, σ_y, and in the plate thickness direction, σ_z, show peculiar distributions ; i.e., σ_y, is compressive on the top and bottom surfaces and tensile in the middle of the plate thickness, and σ_z, is compressive in the plate thickness direction. The same stress distributions appear when instantaneous plane heat source is placed in the cross section of a plate. In case of EBW, it may be assumed that instantaneous heat source is placed in the cross section, though no such assumption as moving plane heat source is placed continuously along the weld line can be made.
大阪大学の論文

Measurement of Three-dimensional Welding Residual Stresses due to Electron Beam Welding(Welding Mechanics, Strength & Design)

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