Development and Neural Organization of the Tornaria Larva of the Hawaiian Hemichordate, Ptychodera flava(Developmental Biology)

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概要

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• We report scanning and transmission electron microscopic studies of the early development of the Hawaiian acorn worm, Ptychodera flava. In addition, we provide an immunohistochemical identification of the larval nervous system. Development occurs and is constrained within the stout chorion and fertilization envelope that forms upon the release of the cortical granules in the cytoplasm of the egg. The blastula consists of tall columnar blastomeres encircling a small blastocoel. Typical gastrulation occurs and a definitive tornaria is formed compressed within the fertilization envelope. The young tornaria hatches at 44 hr and begins to expand. The major circumoral ciliary band that crosses the dorsal surface and passes preorally and postorally is well developed. In addition, we find a nascent telotroch, as well as a midventral ciliary band that is already clearly developed. The epithelium of tornaria is a mosaic of monociliated and multiciliated cells. Immunohistochemistry with a novel neural marker, monoclonal antibody 1E11, first detects nerve cells at the gastrula stage. In tornaria, 1E11 staining nerve cells occur throughout the length of the ciliary bands, in the apical organ, in a circle around the mouth, in the esophageal epithelium and in circumpylorus regions. Axon(s) and apical processes extend from the nerve cell bodies and run in tracks along the ciliary bands. Axons extending from the preoral and postoral bands extend into the oral field and form a network. The tornaria nervous system with ciliary bands and an apical organ is rather similar to the echinoderm bipinnaria larvae.

• 社団法人日本動物学会の論文
• 2004-01-25

著者

• Kaneko Hiroyuki

  Department of Genetic Resources II, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Tsukuba, Ibaraki

• Humphreys Tom

  Kewalo Marine Laboratory Pacific Biomedical Research Center University Of Hawaii

• NAKAJIMA Yoko

  Department of Biology, Keio University

• Tagawa Kunifumi

  Kewalo Marine Laboratory, Pacific Biomedical Research Center, University of Hawaii

• Nakajima Yoko

  Department Of Biology Keio University:department Of Biology University Of Victoria

• Nakajima Yoko

  Department Of Biology Keio University

• Tagawa Kunifumi

  Kewalo Marine Laboratory Pacific Biomedical Research Center University Of Hawaii:department Of Ophth

• Kaneko Hiroyuki

  Department Of Animal Production Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station

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