Dynamic Viscoelastic Behavior of Dental Composites Measured by Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar

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The present study evaluated the dynamic viscoelastic behavior of commercially available dental composites by a Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test machine. Five commercially available composite resins - namely, two conventional hybrid composites (Filtek^<TM> Z100, Z100; Filtek^<TM> Z250, Z250), a packable composite (Filtek^<TM> P60, P60), a flowable composite (Filtek^<TM> Flow, FL), and a nanofill composite (Filtek^<TM> Supreme, SU)- were evaluated. By means of SHPB technique, the dynamic stress-strain curve, storage modulus, and loss tangent of the five dental composites were calculated. All specimens exhibited a nonlinear stress-strain curve in the loading process, which resulted not only from the viscoelasticity - but also from the plasticity - of matrix. In terms of storage modulus, no significant differences were exhibited among the five dental composites (p>0.05). In terms of loss tangent, Z100 showed a significantly higher value than P60, FL, and SU (p<0.05). Within the limitations of this investigation using SHPB, it was indicated that the loss tangent increased with increasing filler content.
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