互助土族語丹麻方言の特徴

概要

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Close examination of Huzhu Mongghul Folklore Text & Translations shows the characteristics of the Danma dialect of Huzhu Monghul language. Some of the remarkable aspects are as follows. Syllable final consonants r and l seldom appear and i is usually added. Distinction between consonat stem and vowel stem is ambiguated. Non-high long vowels and diphthongs tend to be raised and au completely dissappears. Back long vowels tend to be shortened rather than front long vowels and open long vowels tend to be shortened rather than close long vowels. sh is inserted before d in dative-locative case -di, converb -dila, commitative case -di(i) and deadjective and denominal verbal suffix -di. which is partly shared by the Tianzhu dialect of Mongul and Kangjia language. n is inserted before l in the converb -sanghulo, plural -ghula, and emphatic adverbial suffix -ghula. m alternates with n in emphatic adverbial suffix nama. l in causative suffix -Igha dissappears. Converb -wa(ni) is added not only to long vowel stems but also to short vowel stems. The distinction between verbal ending -ni and -nii which are neutralized in Halqighul, Naringhul and Tianzhu dialects is rigid as in Donggou dialect. -gui alternates with -gii. -ja alternates with -ji before gua. Second pronoun and third pronoun are partly neutralized into te.
2005-03-25