マホメット物語(続) : 政治家として(文化編)
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The opposition against the new religious movement initiated by Muhammad in Mecca wag comparatively mild, as Muhammad and most of his followers were protected by their own clans. In order to seek better progress and success, they had to find a missionary base elsewhere. Muhammad met visitors from Medina, who appealed to him to be an arbitrator in the feuds which were for years current among rival clans. He accepted it in expectation of gaining cooperation from local Jewish inhabitants whose monotheistic faith was common. In summer 622 the Muslims, about seventy in number, left their hometown for the Medina oasis, 400km to the north. The first task for the Prophet there was to find a means of livelihood for his followers. Without agricultural skills and commercial resources, the only remaining profession for them was making predatory raids on merchant caravans. They succeeded in expeditions of this kind at Nakhla in January and at Badr in March, 624. While the Meccans won a military victory at the siege of Medina in March 625, they failed in destroying the Muslim community that was settled there. In the course of time, Muhammad broke with Jewish clans and eXpelled them one by one. In some of his political activities, Muhammad resorted to such inhuman means as assassination and massacre. He had, moreover, upper hand over the Meccans due to bribing nomadic tribes and inviting them to support the Muslims. The completion of Muhammad's religious and political career was brought about in January 630, when he conquered Mecca without bloodshed and made it the capital of an Islamic state.
- 1994-08-25
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