裸電極棒使用の熔接電弧に於ける短絡の二形態

概要

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Concerning the short circuit between the electrode and the base metal in the welding arc, there are two types of short circuit. One is of the ordinary type (A in Fig. 1), in which the molten metal of the electrode tip, transfers to the base metal. The duration of this short circuit is about (0.3〜2.0)×1/120 second using the ordinary mild steel bare electrode (Fig. 3, 4, 5). The other type (B in Fig. 1) is of a much lesser duration (less than 0.3×1/120 second and most probably about 1/5,000 second), and. the transference of the electrode metal does not occure (Fig. 8). The distinct existence of the two types can be recognized by the probability curves (Fig. 3, 4, 5) which represent the relationship between the duration of the short eircuit and the frequency of their occurrence. The principal cause of the B type short circuit is the instanteneous fusion of the contact point at the very instant of the contact by the Joule's heat. Therefore the B type occures in the large welding current (Fig. 11), or in a welding generator of a bad dynamic character (Fig. 17). In the auther's opinion, the B type short circiut is not. desirable because it prevent the transference of the electrode metal.
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