マングローブ河川における潮汐流の非対称特性

概要

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The ebb flow dominance in tidal creeks in riverine forest type mangrove area is hydrodynamically analysed by using a horizontal two-dimensional numerical model. The tidal flow in the creek is composed of two terms. i.e., U_H which is the same as a flow in a tidal river without flood plain and U_A which is caused by the flooding over a wide swamp with densely vegetated mangrove roots and bioturbation. U_H is tidally symmetric, while U_A dominates at flood tide because of nonlinear effect due to the drag force in the swamp. However, the total flow (U_H+U_A) dominates at ebb tide, since the phase relationship of U_A to U_H at ebb tide is extremely different from that at flood tide. Further, when the drag force in the swamp is too large, the ebb flow dominance tends to be restricted. These findings suggest that in natural mangrove systems which have been preserved regularly, the feed-back processes among the tidal flow, the siltation and the mangrove vegetation density are functioning to maintain the ecosystem.
日本海洋学会の論文
1994-02-25