Macrophage Scavenger Receptors : Structure, Function and Tissue Distribution (Mini-SymposiumCurrent Topics in Cell Biology : From Molecules to Tissues)

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Macrophage scavenger receptor (MSR) is one of the major receptors of macrophages. It plays an important role in the pathological deposition of cholesterol in macrophagederived foam cells during atherogenesis through receptor-mediated uptake of modified low density lipoproteins. MSR is also important for macrophages to recognize and eliminate pathogenic microorganisms. Targeted disruption of the MSR gene resulted in a reduction in the size of atherosclerotic lesions in atherosclerosis model mice. MSR-knockout mice were more susceptible to infection. Hepatic granuloma formation induced by a single intravenous injection of heat-killed Corynebacterium parvum was significantly delayed in MSR-knockout mice. Using MSR-knockout mice as immunization animals, five monoclonal antibodies against human MSR were successfully produced. Immunohistochemistry using these antibodies revealed a restricted distribution of MSR protein on tissue macrophages in various tissues and organs. These antibodies will provide a new approach to study the role of MSR in normal and various pathological conditions in humans.
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